how rapidly bloodstream and pulmonary lymphatic drainage can eliminate products of nanoparticles degradation general safety concerns add to these specific issues that are pertinent to pulmonary targeting strictly speaking, the actual biocompatibility of materials for carriers remains unknown, until it is carefully tested in adequate clinical settings using carriers of adequate size for example, nanocarriers based on polylactic glycolic acid polymer, accepted for human use for macroimplants, may degrade into lactic erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit acid and glycolic acid within the target cells, potentially exceeding its metabolic potential potentially harmful effects of activation systemic defense systems ie complement, cytokines, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit overload of clearance systems eg liver, kidneys and immune reactions, represent general concerns of advanced delivery systems however, despite these concerns, the most exciting prospect of nanocarriers are the near limitless possibilities for treatment strategies nanocarriers may be designed to contain multiple drugs, allowing for complex dosing regimes through just a single injection translational, industrial and commercial issues have to be addressed for example, dosing eg which drug load and particles dose erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit afford therapeutic effects and the timing of treatments have to be tested synthesis schemes and reagents readily adaptable to cgmp practices should be explored erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit batch to batch variations and processing choices must be minimized, whereas the synthesis yield and drug loading effectiveness must be boosted to warrant practical utility targeting of nanocarriers to endothelial determinants in the pulmonary vasculature promises unprecedented levels of specificity and subcellular precision of drug delivery many endothelial determinants erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit potentially useful for drug delivery including ectoenzymes, cell adhesion molecules and caveolar antigens have been identified by methods including proteomics of endothelial plasma membrane, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit phage display libraries selections in vivo and the tracing of labeled antibodies highthroughput, discoverydriven approaches such as phage display, map vascular lumen and identify erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit novel targets enriched in defined areas of the lung or endothelial domains due to a limited insight into functions of these targets, some of erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit them are unlikely to have a utility for drug delivery eg due to safety concerns, yet all could be used as molecular probes in erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit animal studies careful selection of targets and modulation of valency and size of the antibody directed nanocarriers help to control intracellular uptake and traffic erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit of cargoes these parameters can be further finetuned, capitalizing on specific features of carriers including relatively labile protein conjugates, liposomes or polymer carriers with erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit builtin rates of degradation and release, and membrane permeating moieties it is tempting to speculate that the treatment of pathologies, including but not limited to erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit acute lung injury, lung transplantation, pulmonary edema, thrombosis, hypertension clomid in boys and inflammation, will eventually benefit from targeting the delivery of drug nanocarriers to the pulmonary erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit vasculature acknowledgments this work was supported by nhlbi rol grants hl, hl and hl, department of defense grant pr and pennsylvania nti core project erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit the authors thank drs s muro, m koval and v shuvaev university of pennsylvania for the exciting and stimulating discussions and advice references muzykantov vr delivery of antioxidant enzyme proteins to the lung antiox redox signal fishman ap a century of pulmonary hemodynamics am j respir crit care erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit med pandey r, sharma a, zahoor a, sharma s, khuller gk and prasad � poly dl lactidecoglycolide nanoparticlebased inhalable sustained drug delivery system for erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit experimental tuberculosis j antimicrob chemother corkery � inhalable drugs for systemic therapy respir care knecht a inhalation therapy alternative systemsan overview } aerosol med patton j breathing life into protein drugs nat biotechnol rau fl the inhalation of drugs advantages and problems respir care muzykantov vr targeting pulmonary erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit endothelium, in muzykantov vr and torchilin vp eds biomedical aspects of drug targeting kluwer academic publishers boston, pp muzykantov vr targeting of superoxide dismutase and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit catalase to vascular endothelium } control rel dziubla td, muro s, muzykantov vr and koval m nanoscale antioxidant therapeutics, in singh kk ed oxidative stress, disease and cancer imperial college press london, in press brantleysieders d, parker m and chen j eph receptor tyrosine kinases in tumor and tumor microenvironment curr pharm des bibby dc, talmadge je, dalai mk, kurz sg, chytil km, barry se, shand dg and steiert m pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of rgdtargeted doxorubicinloaded nanoparticles in tumorbearing mice int j pharm stevens pj, sekido m and lee rj a folate receptortargeted lipid nanoparticle formulation for a lipophilic paclitaxel prodrug pharm res benns jm and kim sw tailoring new gene delivery designs for specific targets j drug targ muro erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit s, koval m and muzykantov v endothelial endocytic pathways gates for vascular drug delivery curr vase pharmacol murciano jc, muro s, koniaris l, christofidousolomidou m, harshaw dw, albelda sm, granger dn, cines db and muzykantov vr icamdirected vascular immunotargeting of antithrombotic agents to the endothelial luminal surface blood gref r, minamitake y, peracchia mt, trubetskoy v, torchilin v and langer r biodegradable longcirculating polymeric nanospheres science kreuter j, tauber u and illi erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit v distribution and elimination of polymethyl cmethacrylate nanoparticle radioactivity after injection in rats and mice j pharm sci moghimi sm, hunter ac and murray jc erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit longcirculating and targetspecific nanoparticles theory to practice pharmacol rev harris jm polyethylene glycol chemistry biotechnical and biomedical applications plenum press new york moghimi sm erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and szebeni j stealth liposomes and long circulating nanoparticles critical issues in pharmacokinetics, opsonization and proteinbinding properties prog lipid res forster s, konrad m erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and linder p shear thinning and orientational ordering of wormlike micelles phys rev lett li s, nickels j and palmer af liposomeencapsulated actinhemoglobin leachb erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit artificial blood substitutes biomaterials li s and palmer af structure of small actincontaining liposomes probed by atomic force microscopy effect prilosec diarrhea and vomiting of actin concentration & liposome size langmuir yoon w embolic agents used for bronchial artery embolisation in massive haemoptysis exp opin pharmacother kumar n, ravikumar mn and domb erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit aj biodegradable block copolymers adv drug de rev heller j and baker rw theory and practice of controled drug delivery from bio erodible polymers, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit in baker rw ed controled release ofbioactive materials academic press new york dziubla td and muzykantov v synthetic carriers for the delivery of protein erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit therapeutics biotechnol genet eng rev bragonzi a, boletta a, biffi a, muggia a, sersale g, cheng sh, bordignon c, assael bm and conese m comparison erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit between cationic polymers and lipids in mediating systemic gene delivery to the lungs gene ther floch v, delepine p, guillaume c, loisel s, chasse erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit s, le bolch g, gobin e, leroy jp and ferec � systemic administration of cationic phosphonolipidsdna complexes and the relationship between formulation and lung transfection efficiency biochim biophys acta ravi kumar mn, sameti m, mohapatra ss, kong x, lockey rf, bakowsky u, lindenblatt g, schmidt h and lehr erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit cm cationic silica nanoparticles as gene carriers synthesis, characterization and transfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo } nanosci nanotechnol kwok ky, yang y erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and rice kg evolution of crosslinked nonviral gene delivery systems curr opin mol ther benigni a, tomasoni s and remuzzi g impediments to successful erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit gene transfer to the kidney in the context of transplantation and how to overcome them kidney int thierry ar, lunardiiskandar y, bryant jl, rabinovich erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit p, gallo rc and mahan lc systemic gene therapy biodistribution and longterm expression of a transgene in mice proc natl acad sci usa rodman erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit dm, san h, simari r, stephan d, tanner f, yang z, nabel gj and nabel eg in vivo gene delivery to the pulmonary circulation in erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit rats transgene distribution and vascular inflammatory response am j respir cell mol biol torchilin vp drug targeting eur ] pharm sci llsuppl ss fang j, sawa t and maeda h factors and mechanism of epr effect and the enhanced antitumor effects of macromolecular drugs including smancs adv exp erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit med biol maeda h, fang j, inutsuka t and kitamoto y vascular permeability enhancement in olid tumor various factors, mechanisms involved and its implications erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit int immunopharmacol oh p, li y, yu j, durr e, krasinska km, carver la, testa je and schnitzer je subtractive proteomic mapping of the erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit endothelial surface in lung and solid tumours for tissuespecific therapy nature muzykantov vr, puchnina ea, atochina en, hiemish h, slinkin ma, meertsuk fe and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit danilov sm endotoxin reduces specific pulmonary uptake of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to angiotensinconverting enzyme j nucl med trubetskoy vs, torchilin vp, kennel sj and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit huang l use of nterminal modified polyllysineantibody conjugate as a carrier for targeted gene delivery in mouse lung endothelial cells bioconjug chem schuchman e erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and muro s the development of enzyme replacement therapy for lysosomal diseases gaucher disease and beyond, in futerman t and zimran a eds gaucher erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit disease lessons learned about therapy of lysosomal diseases crc press boca raton, in press rajotte d, arap w, hagedorn m, koivunen e, pasqualini r and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit ruoslahti e molecular heterogeneity of the vascular endothelium revealed by in vivo phage display j clin invest danilov sm, gavrilyuk vd, franke fe, pauls erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit k, harshaw dw, mcdonald td, miletich dj and muzykantov vr lung uptake of antibodies to endothelial antigens key determinants of vascular immunotargeting am } erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit physiol ll danilov s, atochina e, hiemisch h, churakova t, moldobayeva a, sakharov i, deichman g, ryan u and muzykantov vr interaction of mab to angiotensin converting enzyme ace with antigen in vitro and in vivo antibody targeting to the lung induces ace antigenic modulation int immunol danilov erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit sm, muzykantov vr, martynov av, atochina en, sakharov iy, trakht in and smirnov vn lung is the target organ for a monoclonal antibody to angiotensin converting enzyme lab invest muzykantov vr, christofidousolomidou m, balyasnikova i, harshaw dw, schultz l, fisher ab and albelda sm streptavidin facilitates internalization and pulmonary targeting of an antiendothelial cell antibody plateletendothelial cell adhesion molecule a strategy for vascular immunotargeting of drugs proc nat acad sci usa muro erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit s, gajewski c, koval m and muzykantov vr icam recycling in endothelial cells a novel pathway for sustained intracellular delivery and prolonged effects of drugs erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit blood kelly ka, allport jr, tsourkas a, shindepatil vr, josephson l and weissleder r detection of vascular adhesion molecule expression using a novel multimodal erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit nanoparticle circ res sakhalkar hs, dalai mk, salem ak, ansari r, fu j, kiani mf, kurjiaka dt, hanes j, shakesheff km and goetz dj erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit leukocyteinspired biodegradable particles that selectively and avidly adhere to inflamed endothelium in vitro and in vivo proc natl acad sci usa ogawara k, rots erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit mg, kok rj, moorlag he, van loenen am, meijer dk, haisma hj and molema g a novel strategy to modify adenovirus tropism and enhance erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit transgene delivery to activated vascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo hum gene ther spragg dd, alford dr, greferath r, larsen ce, lee erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit kd, gurtner gc, cybulsky mi, tosi pf, nicolau � and gimbrone ma, jr immunotargeting of liposomes to activated vascular endothelial cells a strategy for siteselective delivery in the cardiovascular system proc natl acad sci usa lindner jr, song j, christiansen j, klibanov al, xu f and ley � erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit ultrasound assessment of inflammation and renal tissue injury with microbubbles targeted to pselectin circulation predescu d, predescu s and malik ab transport of nitrated albumin erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit across continuous vascular endothelium proc natl acad sci usa durr e, yu j, krasinska km, carver la, yates jr, testa je, oh p and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit schnitzer je direct proteomic mapping of the lung microvascular endothelial cell surface in vivo and in cell culture nat biotechnol mcintosh dp, tan xy, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit oh p and schnitzer je targeting endothelium and its dynamic caveolae for tissuespecific transcytosis in vivo a pathway to overcome cell barriers to drug erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and gene delivery proc natl acad sci usa disegi ja titanium alloys for fracture fixation implants injury suppl gotman i characteristics of metals used erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit in implants j endourol gole j, burda c, fedorov a and white m enhanced reactivity and phase transformation at the nanoscale efficient formation of active silica and doped and metal seeded tixnx photocatalysts rev adv mater sci oberdorster g, finkelstein jn, johnston c, gelein r, cox c, baggs erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit r and elder ac acute pulmonary effects of ultrafine particles in rats and mice res rep health efflnst warner wg, yin jj and wei erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit rr oxidative damage to nucleic acids photosensitized by titanium dioxide free radic biol med borm pj and kreyling w toxicological hazards of inhaled nanoparticles � potential implications for drug delivery j nanosci nanotechnol thanou m and duncan r polymerprotein and polymerdrug conjugates in cancer therapy curr opin invest drugs duncan r the dawning era of polymer therapeutics nat rev drug discov muller nl computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging past, present and future erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit eur respir j supplss kauczor hu and kreitner kf contrastenhanced mri of the lung eur } radiol mclntire gl, bacon er, illig kj, coffey erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit sb, singh b, bessin g, shore mt and wolf gl time course of nodal enhancement with ct xray nanoparticle contrast agents effect of particle size and chemical structure invest radiol wisner er, katzberg rw, koblik pd, shelton dk, fisher pe, griffey sm, drake c, harnish pp, vessey ar, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit haley pj, et al iodinated nanoparticles for indirect computed tomography lymphography of the craniocervical and thoracic lymph nodes in normal dogs acad radiol spuentrup e, buecker a, katoh m, wiethoff aj, parsons ec, jr, botnar rm, weisskoff rm, graham pb, manning wj and gunther rw molecular magnetic resonance erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit imaging of coronary thrombosis and pulmonary emboli with a novel fibrintargeted contrast agent circulation choi h, choi sr, zhou r, kung hf and chen erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit iw iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance contrast agent for tumor imaging via folate receptortargeted delivery acad radiol martins s, de perrot m, imai y, yamane m, quadri sm, segall l, dutly a, sakiyama s, chaparro a, davidson bl, waddell tk, liu m and keshavjee s transbronchial administration of erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit adenoviralmediated interleukin gene to the donor improves function in a pig lung transplant model gene ther suda t, mora bn, dovidio f, cooper ja, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit hiratsuka m, zhang w, mohanakumar t and patterson ga in vivo adenovirusmediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene transfer ameliorates lung allograft ischemiareperfusion injury j erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit thorac cardiovasc surg hiratsuka m, mora bn, yano m, mohanakumar t and patterson ga gene transfer of heat shock protein protects lung grafts from erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit ischemiareperfusion injury ann thorac surg reynolds pn, nicklin sa, kaliberova l, boatman bg, grizzle we, balyasnikova iv, baker ah, danilov sm and curiel dt erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit combined transductional and transcriptional targeting improves the specificity of transgene expression in vivo nat biotechnol reynolds pn, zinn kr, gavrilyuk vd, balyasnikova iv, rogers erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit be, buchsbaum dj, wang mh, miletich dj, grizzle we, douglas jt, danilov sm and curiel dt a targetable, injectable adenoviral vector for selective gene delivery to pulmonary endothelium in vivo mol ther wagner e strategies to improve dna polyplexes for in vivo gene transfer will artificial viruses be the answer?
how rapidly bloodstream and pulmonary lymphatic drainage can eliminate products of nanoparticles degradation general safety concerns add to these specific issues that are pertinent to pulmonary targeting strictly speaking, the actual biocompatibility of materials for carriers remains unknown, until it is carefully tested in adequate clinical settings using carriers of adequate size for example, nanocarriers based on polylactic glycolic acid polymer, accepted for human use for macroimplants, may degrade into lactic erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit acid and glycolic acid within the target cells, potentially exceeding its metabolic potential potentially harmful effects of activation systemic defense systems ie complement, cytokines, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit overload of clearance systems eg liver, kidneys and immune reactions, represent general concerns of advanced delivery systems however, despite these concerns, the most exciting prospect of nanocarriers are the near limitless possibilities for treatment strategies nanocarriers may be designed to contain multiple drugs, allowing for complex dosing regimes through just a single injection translational, industrial and commercial issues have to be addressed for example, dosing eg which drug load and particles dose erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit afford therapeutic effects and the timing of treatments have to be tested synthesis schemes and reagents readily adaptable to cgmp practices should be explored erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit batch to batch variations and processing choices must be minimized, whereas the synthesis yield and drug loading effectiveness must be boosted to warrant practical utility targeting of nanocarriers to endothelial determinants in the pulmonary vasculature promises unprecedented levels of specificity and subcellular precision of drug delivery many endothelial determinants erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit potentially useful for drug delivery including ectoenzymes, cell adhesion molecules and caveolar antigens have been identified by methods including proteomics of endothelial plasma membrane, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit phage display libraries selections in vivo and the tracing of labeled antibodies highthroughput, discoverydriven approaches such as phage display, map vascular lumen and identify erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit novel targets enriched in defined areas of the lung or endothelial domains due to a limited insight into functions of these targets, some of erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit them are unlikely to have a utility for drug delivery eg due to safety concerns, yet all could be used as molecular probes in erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit animal studies careful selection of targets and modulation of valency and size of the antibody directed nanocarriers help to control intracellular uptake and traffic erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit of cargoes these parameters can be further finetuned, capitalizing on specific features of carriers including relatively labile protein conjugates, liposomes or polymer carriers with erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit builtin rates of degradation and release, and membrane permeating moieties it is tempting to speculate that the treatment of pathologies, including but not limited to erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit acute lung injury, lung transplantation, pulmonary edema, thrombosis, hypertension clomid in boys and inflammation, will eventually benefit from targeting the delivery of drug nanocarriers to the pulmonary erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit vasculature acknowledgments this work was supported by nhlbi rol grants hl, hl and hl, department of defense grant pr and pennsylvania nti core project erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit the authors thank drs s muro, m koval and v shuvaev university of pennsylvania for the exciting and stimulating discussions and advice references muzykantov vr delivery of antioxidant enzyme proteins to the lung antiox redox signal fishman ap a century of pulmonary hemodynamics am j respir crit care erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit med pandey r, sharma a, zahoor a, sharma s, khuller gk and prasad � poly dl lactidecoglycolide nanoparticlebased inhalable sustained drug delivery system for erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit experimental tuberculosis j antimicrob chemother corkery � inhalable drugs for systemic therapy respir care knecht a inhalation therapy alternative systemsan overview } aerosol med patton j breathing life into protein drugs nat biotechnol rau fl the inhalation of drugs advantages and problems respir care muzykantov vr targeting pulmonary erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit endothelium, in muzykantov vr and torchilin vp eds biomedical aspects of drug targeting kluwer academic publishers boston, pp muzykantov vr targeting of superoxide dismutase and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit catalase to vascular endothelium } control rel dziubla td, muro s, muzykantov vr and koval m nanoscale antioxidant therapeutics, in singh kk ed oxidative stress, disease and cancer imperial college press london, in press brantleysieders d, parker m and chen j eph receptor tyrosine kinases in tumor and tumor microenvironment curr pharm des bibby dc, talmadge je, dalai mk, kurz sg, chytil km, barry se, shand dg and steiert m pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of rgdtargeted doxorubicinloaded nanoparticles in tumorbearing mice int j pharm stevens pj, sekido m and lee rj a folate receptortargeted lipid nanoparticle formulation for a lipophilic paclitaxel prodrug pharm res benns jm and kim sw tailoring new gene delivery designs for specific targets j drug targ muro erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit s, koval m and muzykantov v endothelial endocytic pathways gates for vascular drug delivery curr vase pharmacol murciano jc, muro s, koniaris l, christofidousolomidou m, harshaw dw, albelda sm, granger dn, cines db and muzykantov vr icamdirected vascular immunotargeting of antithrombotic agents to the endothelial luminal surface blood gref r, minamitake y, peracchia mt, trubetskoy v, torchilin v and langer r biodegradable longcirculating polymeric nanospheres science kreuter j, tauber u and illi erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit v distribution and elimination of polymethyl cmethacrylate nanoparticle radioactivity after injection in rats and mice j pharm sci moghimi sm, hunter ac and murray jc erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit longcirculating and targetspecific nanoparticles theory to practice pharmacol rev harris jm polyethylene glycol chemistry biotechnical and biomedical applications plenum press new york moghimi sm erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and szebeni j stealth liposomes and long circulating nanoparticles critical issues in pharmacokinetics, opsonization and proteinbinding properties prog lipid res forster s, konrad m erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and linder p shear thinning and orientational ordering of wormlike micelles phys rev lett li s, nickels j and palmer af liposomeencapsulated actinhemoglobin leachb erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit artificial blood substitutes biomaterials li s and palmer af structure of small actincontaining liposomes probed by atomic force microscopy effect prilosec diarrhea and vomiting of actin concentration & liposome size langmuir yoon w embolic agents used for bronchial artery embolisation in massive haemoptysis exp opin pharmacother kumar n, ravikumar mn and domb erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit aj biodegradable block copolymers adv drug de rev heller j and baker rw theory and practice of controled drug delivery from bio erodible polymers, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit in baker rw ed controled release ofbioactive materials academic press new york dziubla td and muzykantov v synthetic carriers for the delivery of protein erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit therapeutics biotechnol genet eng rev bragonzi a, boletta a, biffi a, muggia a, sersale g, cheng sh, bordignon c, assael bm and conese m comparison erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit between cationic polymers and lipids in mediating systemic gene delivery to the lungs gene ther floch v, delepine p, guillaume c, loisel s, chasse erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit s, le bolch g, gobin e, leroy jp and ferec � systemic administration of cationic phosphonolipidsdna complexes and the relationship between formulation and lung transfection efficiency biochim biophys acta ravi kumar mn, sameti m, mohapatra ss, kong x, lockey rf, bakowsky u, lindenblatt g, schmidt h and lehr erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit cm cationic silica nanoparticles as gene carriers synthesis, characterization and transfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo } nanosci nanotechnol kwok ky, yang y erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and rice kg evolution of crosslinked nonviral gene delivery systems curr opin mol ther benigni a, tomasoni s and remuzzi g impediments to successful erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit gene transfer to the kidney in the context of transplantation and how to overcome them kidney int thierry ar, lunardiiskandar y, bryant jl, rabinovich erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit p, gallo rc and mahan lc systemic gene therapy biodistribution and longterm expression of a transgene in mice proc natl acad sci usa rodman erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit dm, san h, simari r, stephan d, tanner f, yang z, nabel gj and nabel eg in vivo gene delivery to the pulmonary circulation in erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit rats transgene distribution and vascular inflammatory response am j respir cell mol biol torchilin vp drug targeting eur ] pharm sci llsuppl ss fang j, sawa t and maeda h factors and mechanism of epr effect and the enhanced antitumor effects of macromolecular drugs including smancs adv exp erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit med biol maeda h, fang j, inutsuka t and kitamoto y vascular permeability enhancement in olid tumor various factors, mechanisms involved and its implications erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit int immunopharmacol oh p, li y, yu j, durr e, krasinska km, carver la, testa je and schnitzer je subtractive proteomic mapping of the erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit endothelial surface in lung and solid tumours for tissuespecific therapy nature muzykantov vr, puchnina ea, atochina en, hiemish h, slinkin ma, meertsuk fe and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit danilov sm endotoxin reduces specific pulmonary uptake of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to angiotensinconverting enzyme j nucl med trubetskoy vs, torchilin vp, kennel sj and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit huang l use of nterminal modified polyllysineantibody conjugate as a carrier for targeted gene delivery in mouse lung endothelial cells bioconjug chem schuchman e erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and muro s the development of enzyme replacement therapy for lysosomal diseases gaucher disease and beyond, in futerman t and zimran a eds gaucher erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit disease lessons learned about therapy of lysosomal diseases crc press boca raton, in press rajotte d, arap w, hagedorn m, koivunen e, pasqualini r and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit ruoslahti e molecular heterogeneity of the vascular endothelium revealed by in vivo phage display j clin invest danilov sm, gavrilyuk vd, franke fe, pauls erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit k, harshaw dw, mcdonald td, miletich dj and muzykantov vr lung uptake of antibodies to endothelial antigens key determinants of vascular immunotargeting am } erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit physiol ll danilov s, atochina e, hiemisch h, churakova t, moldobayeva a, sakharov i, deichman g, ryan u and muzykantov vr interaction of mab to angiotensin converting enzyme ace with antigen in vitro and in vivo antibody targeting to the lung induces ace antigenic modulation int immunol danilov erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit sm, muzykantov vr, martynov av, atochina en, sakharov iy, trakht in and smirnov vn lung is the target organ for a monoclonal antibody to angiotensin converting enzyme lab invest muzykantov vr, christofidousolomidou m, balyasnikova i, harshaw dw, schultz l, fisher ab and albelda sm streptavidin facilitates internalization and pulmonary targeting of an antiendothelial cell antibody plateletendothelial cell adhesion molecule a strategy for vascular immunotargeting of drugs proc nat acad sci usa muro erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit s, gajewski c, koval m and muzykantov vr icam recycling in endothelial cells a novel pathway for sustained intracellular delivery and prolonged effects of drugs erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit blood kelly ka, allport jr, tsourkas a, shindepatil vr, josephson l and weissleder r detection of vascular adhesion molecule expression using a novel multimodal erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit nanoparticle circ res sakhalkar hs, dalai mk, salem ak, ansari r, fu j, kiani mf, kurjiaka dt, hanes j, shakesheff km and goetz dj erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit leukocyteinspired biodegradable particles that selectively and avidly adhere to inflamed endothelium in vitro and in vivo proc natl acad sci usa ogawara k, rots erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit mg, kok rj, moorlag he, van loenen am, meijer dk, haisma hj and molema g a novel strategy to modify adenovirus tropism and enhance erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit transgene delivery to activated vascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo hum gene ther spragg dd, alford dr, greferath r, larsen ce, lee erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit kd, gurtner gc, cybulsky mi, tosi pf, nicolau � and gimbrone ma, jr immunotargeting of liposomes to activated vascular endothelial cells a strategy for siteselective delivery in the cardiovascular system proc natl acad sci usa lindner jr, song j, christiansen j, klibanov al, xu f and ley � erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit ultrasound assessment of inflammation and renal tissue injury with microbubbles targeted to pselectin circulation predescu d, predescu s and malik ab transport of nitrated albumin erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit across continuous vascular endothelium proc natl acad sci usa durr e, yu j, krasinska km, carver la, yates jr, testa je, oh p and erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit schnitzer je direct proteomic mapping of the lung microvascular endothelial cell surface in vivo and in cell culture nat biotechnol mcintosh dp, tan xy, erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit oh p and schnitzer je targeting endothelium and its dynamic caveolae for tissuespecific transcytosis in vivo a pathway to overcome cell barriers to drug erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit and gene delivery proc natl acad sci usa disegi ja titanium alloys for fracture fixation implants injury suppl gotman i characteristics of metals used erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit in implants j endourol gole j, burda c, fedorov a and white m enhanced reactivity and phase transformation at the nanoscale efficient formation of active silica and doped and metal seeded tixnx photocatalysts rev adv mater sci oberdorster g, finkelstein jn, johnston c, gelein r, cox c, baggs erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit r and elder ac acute pulmonary effects of ultrafine particles in rats and mice res rep health efflnst warner wg, yin jj and wei erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit rr oxidative damage to nucleic acids photosensitized by titanium dioxide free radic biol med borm pj and kreyling w toxicological hazards of inhaled nanoparticles � potential implications for drug delivery j nanosci nanotechnol thanou m and duncan r polymerprotein and polymerdrug conjugates in cancer therapy curr opin invest drugs duncan r the dawning era of polymer therapeutics nat rev drug discov muller nl computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging past, present and future erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit eur respir j supplss kauczor hu and kreitner kf contrastenhanced mri of the lung eur } radiol mclntire gl, bacon er, illig kj, coffey erythromycin ophthalmic 1 2 drivit sb, singh b, bessin g, shore mt and wolf gl 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